In the traditional economic approach founded on growth, nature is conceived of as a storehouse from which we draw raw materials. The climate crisis forces us to change this paradigm. In draining underground reserves of concentrated fossil fuels, our societies have unleashed global warming. We have upset the carbon cycle of living things that enables species to reproduce. In this examination of the interdependence between fossil carbon and biogenic carbon, Christian de Perthuis revolutionizes our way of approaching the climate issue by connecting it to biodiversity. He leads us toward a new economy where the demand for equity necessitates rethinking abundance and scarcity.