The fairly young discipline of evolutionary medicine draws on a Darwinian model of natural selection and its effect on the evolution of the human body to understand pathologies.

Diet, infectious diseases, cancer, mental health, reproduction, sleep, senility... all areas in which an approach based on evolutionary biology might influence medicine (the difference between men and women, local adaptations, etc.). Like all new disciplines, evolutionary medicine can spark lively, often ideological debats. Concrete examples help readers see medicine in an exciting new light.